Applied Artificial Intelligence in Sustainable Education: Toward an Integrative Model Bridging Technology, Human Values, and Sustainable Development

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping education through adaptive learning, intelligent tutoring, learning analytics, and generative AI tools. However, contemporary scholarship remains fragmented, often treating technical effectiveness, ethical governance, and sustainability outcomes as separate agendas. This paper proposes an integrative model that unifies these strands by conceptualizing AI-enabled education as a system shaped by three interacting dimensions: (a) technological capability, (b) human–ethical safeguards, and (c) sustainability-oriented goals. A narrative review supported by systematic elements synthesized Scopus-indexed scholarship published between 2019 and 2025, emphasizing high-impact reviews and evidence syntheses across higher education and broader learning contexts. The synthesis indicates that isolated, technology-only implementations risk undermining trust, equity, and long-term educational value. The proposed model aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—particularly SDG 4 (Quality Education)—and supports national transformation priorities such as Oman Vision 2040 by integrating responsible innovation with measurable learning and societal impact.